Design of integrated discontinuous buffer systems for analytical and preparative fractionation. Grossman, P. Academic Press, New York. Li, S. Elsevier, Amsterdam. Wiktorowicz, J. Guzman, N. Dekker, New York. Jandik, P. VCH Publishers, Cambridge. Camilleri, P. Kuhn, R. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg. CrossRef Google Scholar.
Weinberger, R. Righetti, P. Shapiro, A. Jnr Molecular weight estimation of polypeptide chains by electrophoresis in SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Pitt-Rivers, R. Weber, K. PubMed Google Scholar.
Laenunli, U. Nature , — Shagger, H. Heussen, C. Margolis, J. EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is a chelating agent, a general chemical and a sequestrant. In molecular biology applications, it is used to minimize metal ion contamination and prevent enzymatic activity. EDTA disodium is routinely used in electrophoresis DNA and protein separation applications to chelate metal ions required for enzymatic activity that could potentially damage DNA and protein structure.
MOPS is a buffering agent used in biochemistry and molecular biology that was selected and described by Good et al. It is a zwitterionic, morpholinic buffer that is useful for a pH range of 6.
MOPS lacks the ability to form a complex with most metal ions and is recommended for use as a non-coordinating buffer in solutions with metal ions. MOPS sodium salt is a buffering agent used in biochemistry and molecular biology that was selected and described by Good et al. MOPS is often used in buffered culture media for bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cells.
It is recommended to sterilize MOPS buffers by filtration rather than with autoclave due to the unknown identity of yellow degradation products that occur after sterilization of MOPS with autoclave. It is suitable for use in the bicinchoninic acid BCA assay. PIPES is a buffering agent used in biochemistry and molecular biology that was selected and described by Good et al. It is a zwitterionic, piperazinic buffer that is useful for a pH range of 6.
PIPES lacks the ability to form a significant complex with most metal ions and is recommended for use as a non-coordinating buffer in solutions with metal ions. PIPES has wide variety of applications and is commonly used in cell culture media, in protein crystallization, as a running buffer in gel electrophoresis, and as an eluent in isoelectric focusing and chromatography.
PIPES sesquisodium salt is a buffering agent used in biochemistry and molecular biology that was selected and described by Good et al. This buffer is capable of forming radicals and is therefore not suitable for redox reactions. TAPS is a zwitterionic buffering agent used in biochemistry and molecular biology that was selected and described by Good et al.
It is part of the Tris family of buffers and is useful for a pH range of 7. It is the preferred culture media buffer used for dinoflagellate experiments, allowing for minimal pH change and maximal growth.
TAPS may form a complex with some common metals so stability constants and concentrations should be taken into account when choosing this buffer. TAPS is capable of inhibiting connexin channels in animal cells. Tricine is a zwitterionic buffering agent used in biochemistry and molecular biology that was selected and described by Good et al.
It is part of the Tris family of buffers with a useful pH range of 7. It is also used in capillary zone electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. Tricine was determined to be the best buffer tested for use in ATP assays involving firefly luciferase. Tricine can serve as scavenger of hydroxyl radicals; this should be taken into consideration if using tricine in the presence of an enzyme with oxidase activity. Additionally, buffers provide the ions necessary for electrophoretic migration.
The ideal buffer for electrophoresis depends on the isoelectric point the pH at which a particular molecule carries no net electrical charge of the sample being analyzed. Further reading: The uses of Tris buffer - A starting guide. Further reading: Solubility of Tris buffer in different solvents. Used in: Gel electrophoresis Useful pH range: 6. Further reading: 8 uses of MOPS buffer you didn't know.
Used in: Gel electrophoresis Useful pH range: 5. Read more about Hopax Bis-Tris. Used in: Gel electrophoresis Useful pH range: 7. Read more about Hopax Bicine. Used in: Capillary electrophoresis Useful pH range: 9. Used in: Gel electrophoresis Useful pH range: 8. Used in: Capillary electrophoresis Useful pH range: 8. Read more about Hopax Tricine. Hopax Biological Buffers. Hopax Fine Chemicals is among the largest manufacturers of biological buffers in the world.
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