Attitudes can positively or negatively affect a person's behavior. A person may not always be aware of his or her attitude or the effect it is having on behavior. A person who has positive attitudes towards work and co-workers such as contentment, friendliness, etc. These positive attitudes are usually manifested in a person's behavior; people with a good attitude are active and productive and do what they can to improve the mood of those around them.
In much the same way, a person who displays negative attitudes such as discontentment, boredom, etc. People with these types of attitudes towards work may likewise affect those around them and behave in a manner that reduces efficiency and effectiveness.
Attitude and behavior interact differently based upon the attitude in question. Understanding different types of attitudes and their likely implications is useful in predicting how individuals' attitudes may govern their behavior. Daniel Katz uses four attitude classifications:. Attitudes can be infectious and can influence the behavior of those around them.
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For example, when people flatter their bosses or instructors and believe it or keep silent if they think an attitude is unpopular. Again, expression can be nonverbal [think politician kissing baby]. Attitudes then, are to do with being apart of a social group and the adaptive functions helps us fit in with a social group.
People seek out others who share their attitudes, and develop similar attitudes to those they like. The ego-defensive function refers to holding attitudes that protect our self-esteem or that justify actions that make us feel guilty.
For example, one way children might defend themselves against the feelings of humiliation they have experienced in P. This function has psychiatric overtones. Positive attitudes towards ourselves, for example, have a protective function i. The basic idea behind the functional approach is that attitudes help a person to mediate between their own inner needs expression, defense and the outside world adaptive and knowledge.
McLeod, S. Attitudes and behavior. Simply Psychology. Eagly, A. Ideally, positive attitudes manifest well-adjusted behaviors. However, in some cases healthy attitudes may result in harmful behavior. For example, someone may remain in an abusive and potentially deadly domestic situation because they hold negative attitudes towards divorce.
Behavior can be influenced by a number of factors beyond attitude, including preconceptions about self and others, monetary factors, social influences what peers and community members are saying and doing , and convenience. Someone may have strong convictions about improving the public school system in their town, but if it means a hefty increase to their property taxes, they may vote against any improvements due to the potential for monetary loss.
Or, they may simply not vote at all because their polling place is too far from their home, or the weather is bad on election day. Studies have demonstrated that, in some cases, pointing out inconsistencies between attitudes and behavior can redirect the behavior. In the case of the school supporter, showing that their actions i. For those in need of psychological treatment, there are several treatment approaches that focus on changing attitudes in order to change behavior.
Cognitive therapy and cognitive-behavior therapy are two of those techniques. Cognitive therapy attempts to change irrational ways of thinking. Cognitive-behavioral therapy tries to correct the resulting inappropriate behavior.
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