Therefore, this suggests that there are genetic or biological eating disorder risk factors. Participation in certain sports and activities can be an eating disorder risk factor as these activities encourage athletes to be thin, quick, and extremely fit. These activities include swimming, gymnastics, wrestling, running, and dance. Certain personality traits may also contribute to the development of eating disorders. One of these personality traits that is an eating disorder risk factor is a high drive for perfectionism.
Individuals who struggle for perfection are at risk for developing anorexia or bulimia. Eating Disorder Risk Factors. Gender While eating disorders can occur in both men and women, females are as much as ten times more likely to develop anorexia or bulimia and 2. Age Eating disorders can occur in individuals of any age from children to older adults. Weight Concerns, Dieting, and Negative Body Image Individuals who have previously shown weight concerns and a preoccupation with weight, have a history of dieting, and display a negative body image all show risk factors for developing eating disorders.
Psychological and Emotional Disorders Studies have shown that depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and low self-esteem are eating disorder risk factors.
History of Sexual Abuse and Other Trauma A history of sexual abuse is more common in individuals who suffer from eating disorders suggesting that this is an eating disorder risk factor. Childhood Obesity and Eating Problems There is some evidence to show that adolescents and teens with a history of childhood obesity are at risk for bulimia and binge eating disorder.
Family Factors Family discord, parental indifference, and overprotective parenting can be eating disorder risk factors. Genetics There is evidence that shows individuals who have a close family member who suffered from an eating disorder or other mental illness are at a higher risk themselves of developing an eating disorder.
As with risk factors, protective factors tend to be grouped for ease of reference. These groups include:. Social media plays an increasingly important role in the lives of young people.
For many, social media provides an accessible and powerful toolkit for finding information, building relationships and promoting a sense of identity and belonging.
For others, online communities can be an unsafe space, and being aware of the risks can help educators and carers take the appropriate precautions to ensure safe use. Social media platforms allow users to personalise and curate their online presence and instantaneously communicate with peers across a range of handheld devices. Images of thin, attractive men and women are widely available online and expose viewers to unrealistic standards of beauty that can have a detrimental impact on body image.
Thinspiration and fitspiration refer to images of thin and fit individuals that are shared online, generally with the intention of motivating others to a slimmer physique or healthier lifestyle. While some viewers may be inspired by these images to make positive changes, they can also increase body dissatisfaction by leading viewers to compare their own bodies to these images and feel less attractive themselves.
Disordered eating sits on a spectrum between normal eating and an eating disorder and may include symptoms and behaviours of eating disorders, but at a lesser frequency or lower level of severity.
Disordered eating may include restrictive eating, compulsive eating, or irregular or inflexible eating patterns. What is body image? Body image is a combination of the thoughts and feelings that you have about your body. Body image may range between positive and negative experiences, and one person may feel at different times positive or negative or a combination of both. If a person with anorexia becomes severely malnourished, every organ in the body can be damaged, including the brain, heart and kidneys.
This damage may not be fully reversible, even when the anorexia is under control. In addition to the host of physical complications, people with anorexia also commonly have other mental health disorders as well. They may include:. There's no guaranteed way to prevent anorexia nervosa. Primary care physicians pediatricians, family physicians and internists may be in a good position to identify early indicators of anorexia and prevent the development of full-blown illness.
For instance, they can ask questions about eating habits and satisfaction with appearance during routine medical appointments. If you notice that a family member or friend has low self-esteem, severe dieting habits and dissatisfaction with appearance, consider talking to him or her about these issues. Although you may not be able to prevent an eating disorder from developing, you can talk about healthier behavior or treatment options.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Anorexia an-o-REK-see-uh nervosa — often simply called anorexia — is an eating disorder characterized by an abnormally low body weight, an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted perception of weight. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter.
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